According to the spreadsheet I wrote when HW first came out**, the odds are as follows (for the higher of the 2 skills):
Contest 15 vs 5
Any victory 61.5%, Minor victory or better 58.25%, Major Victory or
better 7.25%, Complete Victory 0.25%, Any Defeat 36.5%, Minor defeat
or worse 13.5%, Major defeat or worse 2.5%, Complete Defeat* 0.5%
(* includes the "Both Compleat Defeat special case)
Augmenting both sides equally to give a mastery advantage
Contest 1W vs 11
Any Victory 56.75%, Minor Victory + 45.5%, Major Victory + 6.75%,
Complete Victory 0.25%, Any Defeat 40.5%, Minor defeat - 7.25, Major
defeat - 0.25%, Complete Defeat 0%
Having an extra mastery, but a low ability means you will usually be getting a "success", but are vulnerable to being beaten by a low rolling success by your opponent.
Augmenting both sides by 10
Contest 5W vs 15
Any Victory 52.75, minor victory+ 41.5%, Major victory+ 9.75,
Complete Victory 1.25%, any defeat 43.5%, Minor defeat- 7.25%, major
defeat- 0.25%, Complete Defeat 0
This shows what Bryan described - Your overall chance of winning a round might have gone down, but when you do win it will be a "bigger win", and when you lose it will be "smaller loss".
To continue with the "boundry" examples though Augment both sides to
the maximum to maintain the net mastery gain
Contest 10W vs 20
Any Victory 58.75%, Minor Victory+ 49.75%, Major Victory+ 2.5%,
Complete Victory 0, any defeat 36.25%, minor defeat- 7%, major defeat-
25%, complete defeat 0%
(This is the special case where neither side can fumble)
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